The cloudy water is caused by tiny air bubbles in the water similar to the gas bubbles in carbonated soft drinks. After a while, the bubbles rise to the top and are gone. This type of cloudiness occurs more often in the winter, when the water is cold.

Certain species of airborne bacteria thrive in a moist environment, such as showerheads, sink drains, tiles, dog dishes and humidifiers. These slimes are naturally occurring and are generally harmless. The best way to avoid this problem is to keep these surfaces free from the bacterial film through regular cleaning using Lysol or a chlorine-based product.

The stain comes from the metal copper. Copper is present in most home plumbing.

Your water is moderately hard.  The hardness level averages 170 parts per million (ppm).

Yes. Many tests have shown that the amount of chlorine found in treated water is safe to drink. Chlorine is needed to maintain disinfection throughout the distribution system. The disinfection of drinking water was one of the, if not the most significant health improvements  of the last century.

Yes. Drips waste water and it costs you money. As an example, if you have a faucet that drips 60 times a minute, this adds up to over 3 gallons each day or 1,225 gallons a year. To fix a leak, call your local plumber.

A cross connection is defined by the American Backflow Association and the EPA as any pipe, valve, fixture, etc., in a drinking water plumbing system that may allow the drinking water within the system to become contaminated or questionable in quality.  Cross-connections can either be eliminated or protected by an air gap or mechanical backflow preventer. 

Cross-Connection Policy (PDF)
Examples of Backflow Device Installations
Plumbers to Assist with Estimates and Installations